SIERRA BERNIA
WELCOME TO SERRA BERNIA
BLOG REALIZAT PER DANIEL GRAU GIMENEZ Y JESÚS SÁNCHEZ /
BLOG MADE BY DANIEL GRAU GIMÉNEZ AND JESÚS SÁNCHEZ
INTRODUCTION
SERRA BÈRNIA
DECREE 103/2006, of July 14, of the Council, of declaration Rationing of the Protected Landscape of the Serra de Bèrnia and Ferrer. [2006/8589]
The Habitat Directive creates the "Natura 2000" network. A coherent European ecological network that guarantees the maintenance or, where appropriate, the restoration, in a state of favorable conservation, of certain types of natural habitats and of certain species animals and vegetables. Zones of Special Protection for Birds (SPAs) of marine environment. Places of Community Importance (SCI) and Special Zones of Conservation (ZEC) of marine scope.
It stretches 11 kilometers long and extends in a perpendicular direction to the coast, from the Bolulla fault to the west to Morro de Toix to the east, where it submerges in the waters of the Mediterranean Sea. The mountains have an extension of 1,900 hectares, distributed between the municipalities of Callosa d'en Sarrià, Altea, Calp, Benissa and Xaló.
The P.R.-C.V. They have a length that ranges from a minimum of 10 km and a maximum of 50 km. In the case of exceeding 50 km, we would be talking about a GR or a long path. To signalize these paths, a series of resources and tools are used below.
Balises, rectangular plates of 15 cm on the side painted in yellow and with the blank inscription, which indicate the number of the path in which we are.
GEOLOGY
It is oriented approximately from the west to the east, according to a direct
You choose northwest southwest and a length of about 9 kilometers. Make up It is given by limestone creacias in its half and eocene part in the section superior, the tectonic action has clarified a violent relief, perfectly defi- Night in its morphology of slopes with strong inclinations and cusps
rocky A crest crosses the mountain range in almost all its length,with a sustained average height of 900 m, which has its largest.Elevation in the Bèrnia, of 1,129 m. above sea level. Two faults
Transversals limit the saw in its length: to the west, through the valley of Tàrbena and high course of the Algar, and, to the east, by the Barranc del Salat.
They say that the old name of the mountain range was Verdiola, because of the greenery of the mountains
Dense pinewoods and the vegetation that covered it.
They extend from the south of the Iberian peninsula - from the Gulf of Cádiz - to Alicante and
the Balearic Islands. They are part of the Arc de Gibraltar.
In the Prebético de Alicante, where is the studied region, movement of the block ofAlborán on the Iberian margin, generated a structure that, on a large scale, is characterized by the presence of a mesozoic sedimentary cover and Deformed paleogene whose basal level of takeoff
It corresponds to the clayey and evaporitic materials of the Keuper (Upper Triassic).
The stretch of coastline between Moro de Toix and Punta del Mascarat, the Eocene rock constituent, as well attest
They are plastic deformations that affect several layers. They are easily visualized by the loss of horizontality of the strata.
They are fragile deformations. The bear Materials are broken and sufficient displacement of the broken "fragments" occurs (without displacement it is not possible to visualize the faults). We usually identify them because they are in contact with materials of different ages.
The conditions of mechanical instability on the cusp of that island
they made large rock masses (olistolites) slide, especially to the north (due to
push of the block of Alborán in that direction), and they will be deposited in the bottom of the sea on the
Miocene marls.
With the name of karst (from Karst, the German name of the Carso Slovenian region), Karst relief, 1 carst, carsto or carso is known as a relief form caused by chemical weathering of certain rocks, such as limestone, dolomite, plaster, etc., composed of soluble minerals in water. They are called karst sciences to the set of disciplines that investigate it.
Dissolution of carbon dioxide: CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3
Aqueous dissociation of carbonic acid: H2CO3 + H2O → H3O + + HCO3-
Carbonate acid attack ("calcareous"): H3O + CaCO3 + Ca2 + + HCO3- + H2O
Equation of balance: CO2 + H2O + CaCO3 ↔ Ca2 + + 2 HCO3-
The Puig Campana, the Ponoig or the Aitana, but above all the sea, what a sea! The largest mountain range of the Valencian Community is Aitana. It has an altitude of about 1558 meters.
The volcanic rocks of Cap Negret, included in this Unit K1, correspond to volcanic agglomerates
Submarines, although emitted at low depth, which They show an important hydrothermal alteration with training of minerals such as pistachio, prehnite, specular, garnet,
etc. The volcanic eruption responsible for the formation of These rocks would be related to the Pangea fracture which gave rise to the current continents and which, as it were It shows in the drawing, it was started precisely by this region about 220 Ma.
A series of geological processes act on rocks passively. This set of processes is called meteorization.
It is the wear of the rocks by action of the wind and the water in its different forms (rivers, seas, glaciers ...).It is the drag of materials eroded by action of the wind or the water.
Repression or rolling.
Jumping
Suspension.
Dissolution
It occurs when the materials are deposited due to the reduction of the carrier's force of the agent. Gravity is the force responsible for sedimentation.
HISTORY
He was known as the Count of Goats.
These paintings are included within the Schematic Art characterized by simple human and animal representations, reduced to their basic lines, and by the presence of geometric motifs as idols. They belong to the Neolithic period, more than 5,000 years ago when its settlers were engaged in agriculture and livestock.
The project of the Bèrnia fort, an Italian-style Renaissance military construction, was commissioned by King Philip II in 1562 to the famous Italian engineer Giovanni Battista Antonelli, who would also build the Tibi reservoir, one of the oldest in Europe . In the Memorial Book of the Kingdom of Valencia, it appears: "On the 15th of April, 1562, a great fortress was begun to found in the Sierra de Berniça for the deafening Moors of our Catholic Faith." The goal of the fortress was both the defense and surveillance of the coast as well as the control over possible rises in the Morisco population. It had 8,000 square meters, pits with drawbridge bridges, church, houses for the alcaid, the lieutenant, the priest and the artilleryman,
houses for soldiers, nursing, butcher's, oven, warehouses for powder and food, cellar, garites and artillery. It had a double wall and a four-pointed star dry shaft. In the interior, with a square plan with pentagonal bastions in the cantons, it was only accessed from the south side.
The bandits took advantage of this place to hide themselves and assault their diligences.
Fridges, cavas, ice wells, snow wells or ice wells. Between the 18th and 19th centuries, the construction of stone refrigerators for the ice trade was widespread, they were built to store the snow collected during the winter. Of simple architecture, they are formed by a circular well of variable depth and a ceiling. After the snowstorms, men accumulated the snow inside them, pressed it with tables to form ice (thus reducing the volume occupied and keeping the snow longer), they separated it with layers of straw and during the night it was cut and it was he transported horses or donkeys to towns and cities.
HEALTH
Hiking improves our health. It has different benefits such as:
1- Improve your self-esteem. ...
2- Clarify your mind. ...
3- Make you more creative. ...
4- Power your concentration. ...
5- Recharge your mental energy. ...
6- Improve your mood and help build personal relationships. ...
7- Helps to cure serious diseases.
The mountain range that I like most of the region is Serra Bèrnia, when I went I really enjoyed the route. What most liked to be El Hoyo.
MEDITERRANEAN FOREST
It is a sub-type of temperate weather along with others such as the humid subtropical and the oceanic. It is characterized by warm and rainy winters and summers, dry and warm or temperate, with autumns and variable springs, both in temperatures and in precipitation. The name receives it from the Mediterranean Sea.
The typical vegetation is sclerophyll and xerophil, since it has to withstand summer aridity. The dominant species is the oak. The undergrowth is woody, thorny and aromatic, with species such as lentisco, buckthorn, numerous Lianas such as sarsaparilla and, in clear, jaras, rosemary and thyme.
In the flowering courts there are species such as carrasco pine and pinion pine, sabina, madroño, etc. the moist areas appear in Quejigo; In the siliceous soil appears the cork oak.
The trophic chain (from the Greek trophos, feed, nourish) 1 describes the process of transferring nutrient substances through the different species of one biological community, 2 in which each One feeds on the precedent and is fed by the following.
The trophic network or food chain is the set of production and obtaining of food within an ecosystem. [1] These are sequences to which an organism feeds on the precedent and is devoured by the following, which belongs to a Top trophic level that brings energy and matter to the body.
• It is the most productive ecosystem of Sea Me-
diterráneo, being its main source of
oxygenation
• In shallow waters, the prairies of Posidonia
They form barrier reefs that keep it
sedimentary balance with the coast.
• With their long leaves they restrain the protective waves
swirling the coast of erosion, and with the arri-
Bumps attenuate the impact of the waves on the beaches
• Posidonia prairies structure the fon-
Do and are the habitat of more than 400 species of plants and 1000 of animals.
• They are shelter, food and place of reproduction of a multitude of species of commercial interest.
With regard to forest fires, these can cause a secondary succession. Indicate how it is produced. It is called ecological succession (also known as natural succession) to the evolution that occurs naturally, causing an ecosystem by its own internal dynamics to replace the organisms that integrate it. It is called secondary succession to which it occurs after an important disturbance, that is, it is the one that is established on an existing community that has been eliminated by fire, flood, disease, logging, cultivation
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
The compact city is one that: it has a structure and urban structure of a certain compactness, is socially linked, generates sociability spaces, creates a territory that is close to services, facilitates the meeting of activities and allows the development of community life.
This compact city model has been altered in the last decade, since the expansion of the city has been carried out occupying territory in a way disseminated, that comes to create a new city diffuse and inefficient, separately functioning its uses and segregating the population in the territory on the basis of its economic capacity.
The golf courses, always linked to the urbanization of the territory, are the fashion excuse to reclassify agricultural land that would have to be protected and thus obtain millionaire benefits at the expense of the depredation of the Valencian territory. Its inclusion in urban development projects only seeks to increase the sales price of Associated homes, although the vast majority of buyers do not practice golf.
The environmental impacts of golf courses are very diverse: consumption of territory, urbanization of the rural and natural environment, loss of biological connectors between natural spaces, contamination of aquifers, disfigurement of the landscape, human pressure due to increased traffic, noise, nocturnal light pollution, etc.
A small part of wildfires are natural, being caused by lightning. So, you have to accept that fire is another element of nature and that fire has shaped the landscape that today we know However, what is unprecedented is the extension and violence of the phenomenon for a few decades. And it is worrisome that 80% of forest fires in Spain have a denominator common: they have been provoked by the human being. It is proven that the plant ecosystems closest to ecological maturity burn with more difficulty that other plant formations and after the fire the regeneration of the original cover, with equal composition and structure, is faster.
Pyrophytes or pyrophylls are plant species, which, like their etymology says, like fire. They like fire basically because they are able to withstand a fire. This is an advantage in places and climates where fires are recurrent, since the species that do not support these fires die and leave that niche, that space, for species "resistant" to fire. In addition, the species that survive this disturbance will have at their disposal, as a general rule, a large amount of nutrients from their own ashes and other burned organic remains.
Leaves with plenty of water. For example: species of the genus Aloe Growth buds protected with different strategies.
Crusts with great thickness of suber. The suber is a plant tissue of dead cells that covers and protects woody plants, especially trees. If this suber is abundant (crusts are thick and porous) the interior of the tree is more isolated from the fire. For example: the cork oaks (Quercus suber) and some species of the genus Pinus present this type of passive resistance.
The pine processionary (Thaumetopoea pityocampa) is a species of defoliator lepidoptera, recently included in the family Thaumetopoeidae (formerly of the Notodontidae family). Sometimes it is classified in the genus Traumatocampa. It abounds in pine forests of Southern Europe and South America. It is considered as the most important defoliating insect of the Spanish pine forests. It can feed on all the species of the genera Pinus, Cedrus and Abies, but they prefer exotic pines and, especially, Pino laricio.
Upper threshold: At temperatures above 30 ° C the gregarious behavior disappears and the caterpillars leave the colonies. The death of larvae occurs at 32 ° C.
Development threshold: Between 10 and 20 ° C, the caterpillars continue to feed and build the pocket, but do not grow or develop, so the 4th larval phase can last up to 4 or 5 months. When the temperature inside the bolson exceeds 20-25 ° C, the caterpillars become active and develop normally.
Activity threshold: Temperatures lower than 10 ° C inside the nest stop the activity of the colony. When the nights are very cold, the caterpillars go out to feed during the day.
Lower threshold: Below -12 ° C entire colonies can die.